29-1212.00

Cardiologists

Diagnose, treat, manage, and prevent diseases or conditions of the cardiovascular system. May further subspecialize in interventional procedures (e.g., balloon angioplasty and stent placement), echocardiography, or electrophysiology.

2.5OUT OF 10SAFEHIGH RISK
Low Risk

Your job is remarkably safe from AI

Safer than 25% of occupations we track

Frey & Osborne (2013) estimated 50% probability of automation for this role
paper →
25%
of jobs safer
763
jobs riskier than this
0.0%
projected growth

Disruption Vector

Disruption Type

Human-Centric

This occupation relies heavily on human judgment, empathy, creativity, or physical dexterity that remains beyond current AI capabilities.

Cardiologists interpret cardiac imaging, diagnose heart conditions, and perform interventional procedures — work where AI tools like Aidoc, Caption AI (echocardiogram analysis), and Heartflow (coronary CT analysis) are automating significant portions of image interpretation. However, physician-patient relationships, complex multi-morbidity management, and procedural skill remain human-dependent. AI is augmenting rather than replacing cardiologists, and demand is growing through 2027.

Augmented byAI augmentation tools

Salary & Job Outlook

Median Annual Pay
N/A
US Bureau of Labor Statistics
10-Year Job Growth
0.0%
Little or no change
Education Required
Master's degree or higher
Job Zone 5 / 5

AI Risk Timeline

2.5
2.8
3.1
3.7
Today
5 Years
10 Years
20 Years

Projection model: Based on current AI capability growth rates. High-risk occupations are projected to see compounding automation pressure, while human-centric roles show slower risk accumulation. These are statistical projections, not guarantees.

Skills Analysis — AI Vulnerability

AI can replicate (0)
AI-resistant (1)
Mixed
Critical Thinking80%
Active Learning75%
Complex Problem Solving78%
Judgment and Decision Making82%
Reading Comprehension72%

Similar Safe Careers

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Cardiologists

2.5
/ 10
Low Risk
25% automation risk

"The robots looked at your job and said 'nah, too human.'"

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CARDIOLOGISTS
2.5

/ 10

LOW RISK

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You're safer than 25% of all knowledge workers we track.

This analysis is for informational purposes only and is based on statistical models and academic research. It does not constitute career advice and is not a guarantee of future employment outcomes. AI impact varies significantly by employer, region, and individual circumstances. Learn about our methodology →